17English

介词（preposition简称：prep）又称前置词，属于虚词类别，通常位于名词、代词或名词性结构之前，用于表示其与句中其他成分的关系，不能单独充当句子成分 。介词与其宾语构成介词短语，可在句中作状语、补语、定语、表语等成分，按语义功能可分为时间、地点、方式、原因等多种类型，同一介词在不同语境中可表达不同含义 。

英语介词其用法涵盖时间表达（如at/on/in）、方位描述（如at表精确位置、in表示空间包含）及与其他词类的搭配扩展，特殊情况下可后接形容词或副词形成习语化表达 。当宾语为人称代词时必须使用宾格形式，语法规则允许介词置于句末的特殊用法 。

介词	用法	例句
at	具体时刻、时间点	at 6 o'clock, at noon, at night, at Christmas
on	具体日期、星期、某天	on Monday, on June 1st, on my birthday, on a cold morning
in	较长时段（年/月/季节/世纪）	in 2024, in July, in summer, in the morning
during	在……期间（强调持续）	during the holiday, during the meeting
for	持续一段时间	for three hours, for two weeks
since	从……以来（起点）	since 2010, since last year
from...to/till...	从……到……	from Monday to Friday
before	在……之前	before lunch, before 5 o'clock
after	在……之后	after class, after 2020
until/till	直到……为止	until tomorrow, till next week
by	不迟于，到……为止	by Friday, by the end of this month
within	在……之内	within three days

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介词	含义	例句
at	在某一点（小地点）	at the door, at the bus stop, at home
in	在……里面（大地点/空间）	in Beijing, in the room, in the world
on	在……上面（接触表面）	on the table, on the wall, on the floor
out	在…….外面	out the door，out window

介词	含义	例句
above	在……上方（不接触，不一定垂直）	The lamp is above the table.
over	在……正上方（垂直，不接触）	A bridge is over the river.
below	在……下方（不接触）	Below zero, water freezes.
under	在……正下方（垂直）	The cat is under the chair.
beneath	在……下方（正式/文学）	Beneath the surface
behind	在……后面	Behind the house
in front of	在……前面	In front of the classroom
beside	在……旁边	Sit beside me.
next to	紧挨着	Next to the bank
between	在……之间（两者）	Between you and me
among	在……之中（三者及以上）	Among the crowd
around	在……周围	Around the city
near	在……附近	Near the station
by	在……旁边	By the window
against	倚靠，反对	Lean against the wall

介词	含义	例句
to	向，到（方向）	Go to school, to the east
into	进入……里面	Walk into the room
out of	从……出来	Get out of the car
onto	到……上面	Jump onto the stage
off	从……离开/脱落	Fall off the bike
through	穿过（内部）	Walk through the forest
across	横过，穿过（表面）	Swim across the river
along	沿着	Walk along the street
up	向上	Climb up the mountain
down	向下	Go down the stairs
past	经过	Walk past the shop
towards	朝，向	Run towards me

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介词	含义	例句
by	通过……方式/手段	by bus, by hand, by working hard
with	用……工具/伴随	Cut with a knife, with pleasure
without	没有，不	Without water, without saying a word
in	用……方式/语言	in English, in this way, in ink
on	通过（媒介）	on TV, on the phone, on the Internet

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介词	含义	例句
because of	因为（接名词/代词/动名词）	Because of the rain, we stayed home.
due to	由于（正式）	Due to bad weather
owing to	由于（正式）	Owing to his illness
thanks to	多亏，由于	Thanks to your help
for	为了，因为	Do it for me, famous for...
from	因……而（表原因）	Suffer from headache
of	……的（表性质）	Be afraid of, be proud of
with	因……而（表原因）	Shake with cold, tremble with fear

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介词	含义	例句
about	关于（一般性）	A book about history
on	关于（学术性/专业性）	A lecture on physics
of	……的（所属关系）	The capital of China
concerning	关于（正式）	Concerning your request
regarding	关于（正式）	Regarding the matter
with respect to	关于，至于（正式）	With respect to your inquiry

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介词	主要用法	例句
about	大约；关于；四处	About 5 o'clock, walk about
against	反对；倚靠；对抗	Against the plan, against the wall
as	作为；像	Work as a teacher, as a result
besides	除……之外（还有）	Besides English, I study French.
except	除……之外（没有）	Everyone came except Tom.
except for	除了……（整体中的细节）	The essay is good except for a few errors.
but	除了（与except同义）	Nobody but John knows.
despite/in spite of	尽管	Despite the rain, we went out.
like	像……一样	Look like you, like father like son
unlike	不像	Unlike his brother
per	每	60 miles per hour
plus	加上	2 plus 2 equals 4
minus	减去	10 minus 3 is 7
versus/vs.	对，对抗	China vs. Japan

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对比组	区别说明	例句
in time vs on time	in time=及时；on time=准时	We arrived in time for the movie. / The train came on time.
at the end vs in the end	at the end=在末端；in the end=最后	At the end of the road / In the end, we won.
in front of vs in the front of	in front of=外部前面；in the front of=内部前部	A tree is in front of the house. / I sit in the front of the classroom.
besides vs except	besides=包括在内；except=排除在外	Besides Tom, Mary came. (=Tom came) / Everyone except Tom came. (=Tom didn't come)
across vs through	across=表面横穿；through=内部穿过	Walk across the road / Go through the tunnel
by vs until	by=不迟于（截止点）；until=持续到	Finish it by Friday. / Wait until Friday.
to vs towards	to=到达；towards=朝向（未必到达）	Go to school / Walk towards the door

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动词+介词	含义	例句
look for	寻找	I'm looking for my keys.
look after	照顾	Look after your sister.
listen to	听	Listen to music
wait for	等待	Wait for me!
depend on	依赖	Depend on yourself
believe in	相信	Believe in yourself
think of/about	考虑/想起	Think of a plan
talk to/with	与……交谈	Talk to him
ask for	请求	Ask for help
pay for	为……付款	Pay for dinner
care about	关心	Care about others
laugh at	嘲笑	Don't laugh at him
arrive at/in	到达	Arrive at the station / in Beijing
get on/off	上/下车	Get on the bus

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above all	尤其是，最重要的是	above suspicion	无可怀疑
above praise	赞美不尽	above reproach	无可厚非
above criticism	无可指责	above price	价值连城

after all	毕竟,到底	day after day	日复一日
one after another	接二连三	page after page	一页又一页地
year after year	年年岁岁	wave after wave	一波又一波地
bus after bus	公共汽车一辆又一辆

at once	立刻	at least	至少
at most	至多	at the sight of	看到
at the news of	听到

in fact	事实上	in genera	一般来说
in no way	决不	in order	井然有序
in time	及时	in case	万一
in future	将来	in public	公开地
take part in	参加	in trouble	处于困境
in the end	最后	in front of	在……前面
in charge of	负责	in spite of	尽管
in favor of	支持	in the way	挡路
in on time	准时	in a hurry	匆忙，急于
in a moment	立刻，一会儿	in a sense	从某种意义上说
in a way	在某种程度上	in a word	简言之，总之
in addition	此外，又，加之	in all	总共，总计
in advance	预告，事先	in agreement with	同意，一致
in accord with	与...一致	in bulk	成批地
in blossom	开花(指树木	in commo01n	共享的，共有的
in debt	欠债，欠情	in detail	详细地
in difficulty	处境困难	in order	按顺序，按次序

on duty	值班	on holiday	度假
on the way	在路上	out of order	出故障
by the way	顺便说一下

链接： 介词表